In today’s digital world, screens have become a regular part of life, affecting everything we do—including the lives of young children. In Canada, screen time for kids, especially in early childhood, is raising concerns among parents, educators, and health professionals.
The Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) advises no more than one hour of screen time per day for children aged 2 to 5, and to avoid screen time entirely for those under 2, except for video chats. Yet, many Canadian children exceed these limits due to several factors, with the main ones being:
– Easy access to digital devices at home.
– Busy schedules that leave parents relying on screens.
– Using screens as a quick fix to soothe or calm a crying or restless child.
– The belief that educational apps and videos help child development.
Effects of Excessive Screen Time
The long-term effects of too much screen time on mental health are increasingly concerning to experts. Excessive screen time during early childhood can negatively impact brain development, particularly when it takes the place of essential activities like physical play, social interaction, and learning, as highlighted in a recent position statement. Studies, including those done in Canada, show links between excessive screen time and increased risks of anxiety, depression, and attention problems later in life. Research from the University of Calgary found that preschool children who spent more time on screens were more likely to experience learning delays and developmental deficits by age five. Similarly, a study by Western University highlighted that children whose screen time exceeded two hours a day had worse mental health outcomes, including higher levels of depression and anxiety. This suggests that too much screen time early on can lead to mental health challenges as children grow.
Spending too much time on screens can also cause social isolation, as children may prefer digital activities over playing with friends. This can make it harder for them to develop critical social skills, affecting their relationships as they age. The type of content children consume also matters—fast-paced or violent media can worsen anxiety and aggressive behaviors, adding to mental health risks.
Strategies for Reducing Screen Time
1. Follow CPS Guidelines: Limit screen time to one hour per day for children aged 2 to 5 and avoid screens for children under 2, except for video chatting.
2. Encourage Outdoor Play: Take advantage of Canada’s great outdoors. Outdoor activities—whether in the backyard, at a park, or on nature trails—are important for both mental and physical development.
3. Model Healthy Screen Habits: Children often copy what they see. Limit your own screen time and engage in non-digital activities to set a positive example.
4. Choose Educational Content Wisely: If your child is going to use screens, watch with them and pick educational content that supports learning and promotes positive behaviors.
5. Create Screen-Free Zones and Times: Set up areas in the home where screens are not allowed, like the dining room or bedrooms. Designate specific times of day—such as during meals or an hour before bed—when screens are off-limits.
6. Use Canadian Resources: Make use of Canadian resources like ParticipACTION and Caring for Kids to find advice on balancing screen time with other important activities.
Overcoming Challenges: Building Healthier Screen Habits
If your child is already using more screen time than recommended or seems addicted, don’t worry. There are effective ways to gradually build healthier habits. While reducing screen time can be challenging, especially in a world where digital devices are everywhere, the benefits of creating these healthier habits are significant, particularly for your child’s mental health. To help your child develop a better relationship with screens:
– Start Small: Gradually reduce screen time by introducing short periods of screen-free activities each day. This could be as simple as 15 minutes of outdoor play or a screen-free family meal.
– Be Consistent: Establish a routine that includes specific times and places where screens are not allowed. Consistency helps children understand and accept the limits you set.
– Involve the Whole Family: Make screen-free time a family activity. Engage in games, reading, or outdoor adventures together. This not only reduces screen time but also strengthens family bonds.
– Reward Positive Behavior: Encourage and praise your child when they choose activities that do not involve screens. Small rewards, like extra playtime or a special outing, can motivate them to stick with these healthier choices.
– Stay Flexible: While routines are important, it is also crucial to be flexible. Some days will require more screen time than others, and that’s okay. The goal is to maintain a balanced approach over time.
By gradually introducing these changes, parents can help their children develop a healthier relationship with screens, ensuring that screen time is a mindful and controlled part of their day rather than a default activity.
Image source: Designed by Al Muktadir Munam using Canva
